Цель настоящего исследования заключается 1) в выявлении наиболее частотных семантических модификаторов в модификационном поле глаголов звучания и 2) в оценке их синтезирующих способностей «образовывать новые слова от данных по заданному семантическому различию» [Милославский,1980:15]. Материалом исследования явились: 1) 48 исходных глаголов (ИГ) лексико-семантической (ЛС) подгруппы орнитофонов (петь, щебетать, и т.п.); 2) 30 семантических модификаторов (9 односемных; 10 двухсемных; 9 трехсемных, 2 четырехсемных), заданных apriori [Ивлиева, 2003:84]; 3) синтезированные дериваты, образованные от ИГ.

 

 

 

Since the fall of the Soviet Union, isolated Russian communities within the Baltic States have steadily transitioned from a state of monolingualism to various degrees of bilingualism. Such a change has affected many structural aspects of Russian spoken in the Baltics. This paper analyzes the morphological integration of foreign elements into Russian spoken in Estonia and Lithuania. In these areas morphological assimilation has not occurred in a uniform manner. Specifically, Lithuanian lexical items are integrated to a much higher degree than Estonian words. Using previously conducted studies (Verschik 2004, 2005, Avina 2006) as well as independent data collected from newspapers, blogs and radio programs, this paper identifies underlying phonological and morphological restrictions which affect morphological integration in Russian speaking communities in Estonia and Lithuania.

 

 

 

Russian has borrowed a great amount of English in the past two decades. Recent Russian advertisement is full of Anglicisms. It is a direct reflection of changes in Russian language (Vasil’ev 2003:15). Using Krysin’s observations as a starting point, I will discuss the possible reasons of borrowing Anglicisms and their role in Russian advertisement. I will demonstrate that replacement of Russian synonym to Anglicism would not be possible.

 

 

 

<…> The paper will consider two strata of the new lexicon that exemplify the above-mentioned processes; these are criminal jargon and youth slang. It will also discuss two major positions on the witnessed developments in the lexicon, critical and supporting. The authors will argue that there is a need to teach this type of vocabulary in the classroom. A mini-lesson sample in the form of task-based activity will be demonstrated.

 

 

 

Russian vocatives have been widely discussed focusing on their phonetic (Панов 1997: 108), morphological (Yadroff 1996; Daniel, Spencer), morphosyntactic (Corbett 2007), semantic parameters (Пешковский 1956: 407), and text functions (Ковтунова 1986: 105). Meanwhile, an analysis of vocative intonation, word order, and accent-placement is lacking. This paper aims at an account of vocative strategies and their intonational and segmental clues. In Russian vocatives a variety of discourse properties is displayed: The speaker is distant/close to the hearer; The speaker communicates with the hearer formally/informally; The speaker knows/does not know whether the hearer is listening to him/her; The interlocutors have entered/have not yet entered the communication process; Vocatives can be accompanied by attendant illocutions, such as reproaching, threatening, supplicating, searching the hearer in the dark, stopping the hearer who is leaving.

 

 

 

Global, political and economical changes in Russia have affected almost every sphere of life, including the food service industry. In recent years we have witnessed a significant increase in the number of private restaurants and cafés in cities throughout the Russian Federation, and due to such intense competition, restaurant owners are forced to pay more attention to the text and design of their menus. As a result, the menu itself evokes interest and becomes an additional means of advertising the product. This paper presents the results of a comprehensive analysis of twenty Soviet restaurant menus and fifty contemporary Russian restaurant menus. The study examines these texts through the prism of Jackobson’s model of linguistic functions. Within this paradigm, the presence or absence of certain functions in a text serve as a basis for categorizing the texts by type.

 

In colloquial speech of the Soviet era only official names of cities and towns were used in formal language. The few exceptions that existed were mostly abridged original or “archaic” pre-Soviet names, e.g. “Piter” for Leningrad and “Koenig” for Kaliningrad. In the 90-s, however, many informal toponyms became a part of the mainstream language and are common in the speech of the young generation. These names are constructed on the basis of various word-formational patterns such as an abbreviation of the official name (sometimes with an added suffix), an equivocal approximation (often based on obscene language), an acronym, etc. Generally speaking, in the Soviet era toponyms fell outside of the informal speech realm but in the past couple of decades they became an object of linguistic metamorphosis. The paper will focus on the sociolinguistic aspect of this phenomenon as a reflection of transformational processes in the Russian language during the transition from Soviet to Post-Soviet discourse. The paper will also discuss particular derivational patterns of informal toponyms.

 

 

 

 

Экспрессивная ориентация спонтанного речепорождения побуждает говорящего использовать как можно больше автоматизированных единиц, разгружая тем самым оперативную память. О существовании подобных неосознаваемых моделей-клише на уровне подлежащего/сказуемого простого предложения писали ещё члены Пражского лингвистического кружка. Глубинная клишированность языковых конструкций, отражающих более сложную сеть отношений, не рассматривалась, хотя ряд известных экспериментов Л.С. Выготского и Ж. Пиаже указывал на это.

 

 

 

This paper reports the results of a study that explores how words are stored in memory and accessed in highly proficient second language (L2) learners and heritage speakers of Russian. It uses an auditory lexical decision task with priming to test two groups of highly proficient learners of Russian, late American L2 learners (N=36) and heritage speakers of Russian (N=24), and a group of adult Russian controls (N=10). L2 learners and heritage speakers were closely matched in oral proficiency. A priming experiment is a lexical decision task that presents the target stimulus (the target) preceded by another stimulus (the prime), and seeks to determine whether the type of prime affects the speed of decision, or reaction time (RT), about the target.

 

 

 

The Russian language abounds in “dialogue” particles (nu, -ka, da, zhe, ved', -to, etc.): they are numerous and variegated and they constantly occur in speech. Such particles are often viewed as purely pragmatic. They are claimed to have nothing to do with semantics and to feature an infinite variety of unpredictable pragmatic effects. However, they prove to be rich in content, and their behavior turns out to be semantically explicable. It was found out, for example, that the situation of repeated request is linguistically relevant for Russian. If one repeats one's request in Russian, the insertion of a certain particle into the phrase is nearly obligatory. It could be the particles nu, da or zhe.